Publications
Publications are listed in reverse chronological order; peer-reviewed journal contributions are assigned a number, while other publications are assigned a letter.
Preprints, and Papers Under Review
- i. Chlorophyll pigments probed by terahertz time-domain spectros-copy: polycrystalline powders and plant leaves
D. Coquillat, E. O'Connor, E. Brouillet, Y. Meriguet, C. Bray, D. J. Nelson, K. Faulds, J. Torres, and N. Dyakonova.
Manuscript Submitted
2022
- 66. Reactions of N-heterocyclic carbene-based chalcogenoureas with halogens: A diverse range of outcomes [DOI]
M. Saab, D. J. Nelson, M. Leech, K. Lam, S. P. Nolan, F. Nahra, K. Van Hecke
Dalton Transactions 2022, 51, 3721
- 65. Evaluating a Dispersion of Sodium in Sodium Chloride for the Synthesis of Low-Valent Nickel Complexes [Pre-print (ChemRxiv)] [DOI]
E. L. B. Johnson Humphrey, A. R. Kennedy, S. Sproules, and D. J Nelson
European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry 2022, 2022, e202101006
- 64. Competitive gold/nickel transmetalation [Pre-print (ChemRxiv)] [DOI]
M. J. Demchuk,† J. A. Zurakowski,† B. J. H. Austen, D. J. Nelson, and M. W. Drover
Chemical Communications 2022, 58, 68
(Part of the Boron Chemistry in the 21st Century: From Synthetic Curiosities to Functional Molecules themed collection)
2021
- 63. Inhibition of (dppf)nickel-catalysed Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions by α-halo-N-heterocycles [Pre-print (ChemRxiv)] [DOI] [Open Access]
A. K. Cooper,† M. E. Greaves,† W. Donohoe, P. M. Burton, T. O. Ronson, A. R. Kennedy,
and D. J. Nelson
Chemical Science, 2021, 12, 14074
(Part of the 2021 Chemical Science HOT article collection)
- 62. Lewis-Acid Promoted Oxidative Addition at a [Ni0(diphosphine)2] Complex: The Critical Role of a Secondary Coordination Sphere [Pre-print (ChemRxiv)] [DOI]
J. Zurakowski, M. Dufour, B. Austen, D. Spasyuk, D. J. Nelson, and M. W. Drover
Chemistry - A European Journal, 2021, 27, 16021
(Part of the C-C Coupling hot topic collection)
- 61. Optimizating Catalyst and Reaction Conditions in Gold Catalysis - Ligand Development [DOI]
A. Collado, D. J. Nelson, and S. P. Nolan
Chemical Reviews, 2021, 121, 8559
(Part of a special issue on Gold Chemistry)
- 60. Are rate and selectivity correlated in iridium-catalysed hydrogen isotope exchange reactions? [Pre-print (ChemRxiv)] [DOI] [Open Access]
D. S. Timofeeva, D. M. Lindsay, W. J. Kerr, and D. J. Nelson
Catalysis Science and Technology, 2021, 11, 5498
(Part of the 2021 Emerging Investigators special issue)
- 59. The Effect of Added Ligands on the Reactions of [Ni(COD)(dppf)] with Alkyl Halides: Halide Abstraction may be Reversible [Pre-print (ChemRxiv)] [DOI] [Open Access]
M. E. Greaves, T. O. Ronson, F. Maseras, and D. J. Nelson
Organometallics, 2021, 40, 1997
(ACS Editors' Choice article)
- 58. Operando Neutron Scattering - Following Reactions in Real Time Using Neutrons [DOI]
V. Skuakaskas, E. L. B. Johnson Humphrey, I. Hitchcock, A. York, J. Kelleher, E. Gibson,
D. J. Nelson, and I. Silverwood
Topics in Catalysis, 2021, 64, 693
- 57. Reactions of nickel(0) complexes with organohalides: Reaction mechanisms and structure/reactivity relationships [DOI] [Open Access]
M. E. Greaves, E. L. B. Johnson Humphrey, and D. J. Nelson
Catalysis Science and Technology, 2021, 11, 2980
- 56. Synthesis of Gold(I)-Trifluoromethyl Complexes and Their Role in Generating Spectroscopic Evidence for a Gold(I)-Difluorocarbene Species [DOI]
S. M. P. Vanden Broeck, D. J. Nelson, A. Collado, L. Falivene, L. Cavallo, D. B. Cordes,
A. M. Z. Slawin, K. Van Hecke, F. Nahra, S. P. Nolan, and C. S. J. Cazin
Chemistry - A European Journal, 2021, 27, 8461
2020
- 55. Design Concepts for N-Heterocyclic Carbenes [DOI]
F. Nahra, D. J. Nelson, and S. P. Nolan
Trends in Chemistry, 2020, 2, 1096 - 54. A quantitative empirical directing group scale for selectivity in iridium-catalysed hydrogen isotope exchange reactions. [Pre-print (ChemRxiv)] [DOI] [Open Access]
D. S. Timofeeva, D. M. Lindsay, W. J. Kerr, and D. J. Nelson
Catalysis Science and Technology, 2020, 10, 7249
- 53. Unexpected Nickel Complex Speciation Unlocks Alternative Pathways for the Reactions of Alkyl Halides with dppf-Nickel(0). [Pre-print (ChemRxiv)] [DOI] [Open Access]
M. E. Greaves, T. O. Ronson, G. C. Lloyd-Jones, F. Maseras, S. Sproules, and D. J. Nelson
ACS Catalysis, 2020, 10, 10717
- 52. Straightforward access to chalcogenoureas derived from N-heterocyclic carbenes and their coordination chemistry. [DOI]
M. Saab, D. J. Nelson, N. V. Tzouras, T. A. C. A. Bayrakdar, S. P. Nolan, F. Nahra, and K. Van Hecke
Dalton Transactions, 2020, 40, 12068
- 51. Aldehydes and Ketones Influence Reactivity and Selectivity in Nickel-Catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura Reactions. [Pre-print (ChemRxiv)] [DOI] [Open Access]
A. K. Cooper, D. K. Leonard, S. Bajo, P. M. Burton, and D. J. Nelson
Chemical Science, 2020, 11, 1905
(Highlighted in Organic Process Research and Development)
- 50. Nickel versus Palladium in Cross-Coupling Catalysis: On the Role of Substrate Coordination to Zerovalent Metal Complexes. [DOI]
A. K. Cooper, P. M. Burton, and D. J. Nelson
Synthesis 2020, 52, 565
(Part of a special issue: "Buergenstock Special Section 2019: Future Stars in Organic Chemistry")
(Highlighted in SynForm)
2019
- N. Mechanistic insight into organic and industrial transformations: general discussion. [DOI]
Y. Aoki, et al.
Faraday Discussions, 2019, 220, 282 - M. Physical methods for mechanistic understanding: general discussion. [DOI]
Y. Aoki, et al.
Faraday Discussions, 2019, 220, 144 - 49. Metabolomic Profiling of the Immune Stimulatory Effect of Eicosenoids on 4 PMA-Differentiated THP-1 Cells [DOI] [Open Access]
A. M. Alqarni, T. Dissanyake, D. J. Nelson, J. A. Parkinson, M. J. Dufton, V. A. Ferro, and D. G. Watson
Vaccines, 2019, 7, 142
- L. Highlights from the 54th EUCHEM Bürgenstock Conference on Stereochemistry, Brunnen, Switzerland, May 2019 [DOI]
D. J. Nelson and J. Wencel-Delord
Chemical Communications, 2019, 55, 10043
- 48. The Electrophilic Fluorination of Enol Esters using SelectFluor Occurs via a Polar Two-Electron Process. [DOI]
S. H. Wood, S. Etridge, A. R. Kennedy, J. M. Percy, and D. J. Nelson
Chemistry - A European Journal, 2019, 25, 5574
- 47. An N-Heterocyclic Carbene with a Saturated Backbone and Spatially-Defined Steric Impact. [DOI]
G. Laidlaw, S. H. Wood, A. R. Kennedy, and D. J. Nelson
Zeitschrift Für Anorgische und Allgemeine Chemie, 2019, 645, 105
2018
- 46. Steric effects determine the mechanisms of reactions between bis(N-heterocyclic carbene)nickel(0) complexes and aryl halides. [DOI]
D. J. Nelson and F. Maseras
Chemical Communications, 2018, 54, 10646
- 45. Insights into mechanism and selectivity in ruthenium(II)-catalysed ortho-arylation reactions directed by Lewis basic groups [DOI]
J. McIntyre, I. Mayoral-Soler, P. Salvador, A. Poater, and D. J. Nelson
Catalysis Science and Technology, 2018, 8, 3174
- 44. Coinage metal complexes of selenoureas derived from N-heterocyclic carbenes [DOI]
F. Nahra, K. van Hecke, A. R. Kennedy, and D. J. Nelson
Dalton Transactions, 2018, 47, 10671
(Invited contribution to themed issue: New Talent: Europe)
- K. Metallate Complexes of the Late Transition Metals: Organometallic Chemistry and Catalysis [DOI]
A. Gómez-Suárez, D. J. Nelson, and S. P. Nolan
Advances in Organometallic Chemistry, 2018, 69, 283 - 43. Interrogating Pd(II) Anion Metathesis Using a Bifunctional Chemical Probe: A Transmetalation Switch [DOI] [Synfacts Article]
J. J. Molloy, C. P. Seath, M. J. West, C. McLaughlin, N. J. Fazakerley, A. R. Kennedy, D. J. Nelson, and A. J. B. Watson
Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2018, 140, 126
2017
- 42. Hydroxide Complexes of the Late Transition Metals: Organometallic Chemistry and Catalysis [DOI]
D. J. Nelson and S. P. Nolan
Coordination Chemistry Reviews, 2017, 353, 278
- 41. Halide Abstraction Competes with Oxidative Addition in the Reactions of Aryl Halides with [Ni(PMenPh(3-n))4] [DOI] [Open Access]
I. Funes-Ardoiz, D. J. Nelson,* and F. Maseras*
Chemistry - A European Journal, 2017, 23, 16728
- 40. The preference for dual-gold(I) catalysis in the hydro(alkoxylation vs phenoxylation) of alkynes. [DOI]
È. Casals-Cruañas, O. F. González-Belman, P. Besalú-Sala, D. J. Nelson, and A. Poater
Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, 2017, 15, 6416
- J. Transition Metal Complexes and Ligand Synthesis [Info]
D. J. Nelson and S. P. Nolan
Contemporary Catalysis: Science, Technology and Applications, eds P. C. J. Kamer, D. Vogt, J. Thybaut, Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, 2017 - 39. Oxidative Addition of Aryl Electrophiles to a Prototypical Nickel(0) Complex: Mechanism and Structure/Activity Relationships [DOI] [Open Access] [Lay Summary]
S. Bajo, G. Laidlaw, A. R. Kennedy, S. Sproules, and D. J. Nelson
Organometallics, 2017, 36, 1662
- 38. Quantifying and understanding the steric properties of N-heterocyclic carbenes [DOI / Correction to Table 4]
A. Gómez-Suárez, D. J. Nelson, and S. P. Nolan
Chemical Communications, 2017, 53, 2650
- I. Carboxylation, Carbonylation, and Dehalogenation [DOI]
D. J. Nelson
Science of Synthesis: N-Heterocyclic Carbenes in Catalytic Organic Synthesis, 2016, 2, 281
2016
- H. Synthesis, Activation, and Decomposition of N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Containing Complexes.
D. J. Nelson, J. Praetorius, and C. M. Crudden, in N-Heterocyclic Carbenes: From Laboratory Curiosities to Efficient Synthetic Tools (Second Edition), ed. S. Díez González, Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, 2016 - 37. Synthesis and characterisation of an N-heterocyclic carbene with spatially-defined steric impact. [DOI]
P. Shaw, A. R. Kennedy, and D. J. Nelson
Dalton Transactions, 2016, 45, 11772
- G. Grignard Reagents and Palladium. [Info / DOI: Book / DOI: Chapter]
D. J. Nelson, C. S. J. Cazin, and S. P. Nolan
Grignard Reagents and Transition Metal Catalysts, ed J. Cossy, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, 2016 (pp 1-60) - F. 1,3-Bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene. [DOI]
R. A. Kelly, G. A. Grasa, D. J. Nelson and S. P. Nolan
Encyclopedia of Reactions in Organic Synthesis (e-EROS), 2016 - E. Book Review: Cleavage of Carbon–Carbon Single Bonds by Transition Metals. [DOI]
D. J. Nelson
Applied Organometallic Chemistry, 2016, 30, 605 - 36. Towards Microfluidic Reactors for In Situ Synchrotron Infrared Studies. [DOI]
I. P. Silverwood, N. Al-Rifai, E. Cao, D. J. Nelson, A. Chutia, P. P. Wells, S. P. Nolan, M. D. Frogley, C. R. A. Catlow, and A. Gavriilidis
Review of Scientific Instrumentation, 2016, 87, 024101 - 35. Recyclable NHC Catalyst for the Development of a Generalized Approach to Continuous Buchwald-Hartwig Reaction and Work-Up. [DOI]
R. E. Meadows, A. Chartoire, C. Claver, M. Corpet, J. Krinsky, J. Mayen, D. J. Nelson, S. P. Nolan, R. Woodward
Organic Process Research and Development, 2016, 20, 551 - 34. On the Mechanism of the Digold(I) Hydroxide-Catalysed Hydrophenoxylation of Alkynes. [DOI]
A. Gómez-Suárez, Y. Oonishi, A. R. Martin, S. V. C. Vummaleti, D. J. Nelson, D. B. Cordes, A. M. Z. Slawin, L. Cavallo, S. P. Nolan, and A. Poater
Chemistry - A European Journal, 2016, 22, 1125
- 33. Mechanism of the Transmetalation of Organosilanes to Gold. [DOI] [Open Access]
L. Falivene, D. J. Nelson, S. Dupuy, S. P. Nolan, A. Poater, and L. Cavallo
ChemistryOpen, 2016, 5, 60
2015
- 32. Half-Sandwich Nickel(II) Complexes Bearing 1,3-Di(cycloalkyl)imidazol-2-ylidene Ligands. [DOI] [Open Access]
J. Yau, K. E. Hunt, L. McDougall, A. R. Kennedy and D. J. Nelson
Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2015, 11, 2171
(Invited contribution to themed issue: N-Heterocyclic Carbenes)
- 31. Accessible Syntheses of Late Transition Metal (Pre-)Catalysts Bearing N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands. [DOI]
D. J. Nelson
European Journal of Inorgic Chemistry, 2015, 2015, 2012
(Highlighted as one of the most accessed articles between November 2014 and October 2015)
- 30. Evaluation of an Olefin Metathesis Pre-catalyst with a Bulky and Electron-Rich N-Heterocyclic Carbene.[DOI]
S. Manzini, C. A. Urbina Blanco, D. J. Nelson, A. Poater, T. Lebl, S. Meiries, A. M. Z. Slawin, L. Falivene, L. Cavallo and S. P. Nolan
Journal of Organometallic Chemistry, 2015, 780, 43 - 29. What can NMR spectroscopy of selenoureas and phosphinidenes teach us about the pi-accepting abilities of N-heterocyclic carbenes? [DOI] [Open Access]
S. V. C. Vummaleti, D. J. Nelson, A. Poater, A. Gómez-Suaréz, D. B. Cordes, A. M. Z. Slawin, S. P. Nolan, and L. Cavallo
Chemical Science, 2015, 6, 1895
2014
- D. The Influence of Structure on Reactivity in Alkene Metathesis. [DOI]
D. J. Nelson and J. M. Percy
Advances in Physical Organic Chemistry, 2014, 48, 81 - C. N-Heterocyclic Carbenes. [DOI]
D. J. Nelson and S. P. Nolan
N-Heterocyclic Carbenes: Effective Tools for Organometallic Synthesis, ed. S. P. Nolan, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, 2014. - B. In the Lab: Rational Studies Towards Efficient, Scalable Catalytic Reactions. [DOI] [Open Access]
D. J. Nelson
Johnson Matthey Technology Review, 2014, 58, 173
(Invited contribution) - 28. Iridium(I) hydroxides in catalysis: rearrangement of allylic alcohols to ketones. [DOI]
D. J. Nelson, J. A. Fernandez-Salas, B. J. Truscott, S. P. Nolan
Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, 2014, 12, 6672 - 27. Exploring the Co-ordination of Cyclic Selenoureas to Gold(I). [DOI]
D. J. Nelson, F. Nahra, Scott R. Patrick, David B. Cordes, A. M. Z. Slawin and S. P. Nolan
Organometallics, 2014, 33, 3640 - 26. Key processes in ruthenium-catalysed olefin metathesis. [DOI] [Open Access]
D. J. Nelson, S. Manzini, C. A. Urbina Blanco, and S. P. Nolan
Chemical Communications, 2014, 50, 10355
(Invited feature article) - 25. Insights into the Decomposition of Metathesis Pre-catalysts. [DOI]
S. Manzini, A. Poater, D. J. Nelson, A. M. Z. Slawin, L. Cavallo and S. P. Nolan
Angewandte Chemie - International Edition, 2014, 53, 8995 - 24. Methoxy-functionalised N-Heterocyclic Carbenes. [DOI]
D. J. Nelson, A. Collado, S. Manzini, S. Meiries, A. M. Z. Slawin and S. P. Nolan
Organometallics, 2014, 33, 2048 - A. Letter to the Editor concerning: “Carbon-Heteroatom Coupling Using Pd-PEPPSI Complexes” by Valente et al.. [DOI]
D. J. Nelson and S. P. Nolan
Organic Process Ressearch and Development, 2014, 18, 456 - 23. Efficient C—N and C—S Bond Formation Using the Highly Active [Ni(allyl)Cl(IPr*OMe)] Pre-Catalyst. [DOI]
A. R. Martin, D. J. Nelson, S. Meiries, A. M. Z. Slawin, and S. P. Nolan
European Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2014, 2014, 3127 - 22. Does the rate of competing isomerisation during alkene metathesis depend on pre-catalyst initiation rate?. [DOI]
D. J. Nelson and J. M. Percy
Dalton Transactions, 2014, 43, 4674 - 21. From ruthenium olefin metathesis catalyst to (η5-3-phenylindenyl)hydrido complex via alcoholysis. [DOI]
S. Manzini, D. J. Nelson, T. Lebl, A. Poater, L. Cavallo, A. M. Z. Slawin and S. P. Nolan
Chemical Communications, 2014, 50, 2205 - 20.How phenyl makes a difference: mechanistic insight into ruthenium(II)-catalysed isomerisation of allylic alcohols. [DOI] [Open Access]
S. Manzini, A. Poater, D. J. Nelson, L. Cavallo and S. P. Nolan
Chemical Science, 2014, 5, 180 - 19. CO2 fixation employing an Iridium(I)-hydroxide complex. [DOI]
B. J. Truscott, D. J. Nelson, A. M. Z. Slawin and S. P. Nolan
Chemical Communications, 2014, 50, 286
(Inside front cover of issue 3, 2014; image by Dr Scott R. Patrick)
2013
- 18. Synthesis, characterization and luminescence studies of gold(I)-NHC amide complexes. [DOI] [Open Access]
A. Gómez-Suaréz, D. J. Nelson, D. G. Thompson, D. B. Cordes, D. Graham, A. M. Z. Slawin and S. P. Nolan
Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2013, 9, 2216
(Invited contribution to themed issue: Gold catalysis for organic synthesis II) - 17. Synthesis and Reactivity of New Bis(N-Heterocyclic Carbene) Iridium(I) Complexes. [DOI]
D. J. Nelson, B. J. Truscott, A. M. Z. Slawin and S. P. Nolan
Inorganic Chemistry, 2013, 52, 12674 - 16. Olefin metathesis by Grubbs-Hoveyda complexes: computational and experimental studies of the mechanism and substrate-dependent kinetics. [DOI]
I. W. Ashworth, I. H. Hillier, D. J. Nelson, J. M. Percy and M. A. Vincent
ACS Catalysis, 2013, 3, 1929 - 15. A highly active cationic ruthenium complex as an efficient catalyst for alkene isomerisation towards high value molecules. [DOI]
S. Manzini,‡ D. J. Nelson,‡ and S. P. Nolan
ChemCatChem, 2013, 5, 2848 - 14. Exploring the limits of catalytic ammonia borane dehydrogenation by a bis(N-heterocyclic carbene) iridium (III) complex. [DOI]
D. J. Nelson,‡ B. J. Truscott,‡ J. D. Egbert, A. M. Z. Slawin and S. P. Nolan
Organometallics, 2013, 32, 3769 - 13. Quantifying and understanding the electronic properties of N-heterocyclic carbenes. [DOI]
D. J. Nelson and S. P. Nolan
Chemical Society Reviews, 2013, 42, 6723 - 12. Iridium(I)-hydroxides: powerful synthons for bond activation. [DOI]
B. J. Truscott, D. J. Nelson, C. Luján, A. M. Z. Slawin and S. P. Nolan
Chemistry - A European Journal, 2013, 19, 7904 - 11. Deuteration of boranes: catalysed versus non-catalysed processes. [DOI]
D. J. Nelson, J. D. Egbert and S. P. Nolan
Dalton Transactions, 2013, 42, 4105
(Part of a special issue: "Mechanistic Organometallic Chemistry") - 10. Synergic effects between N-Heterocyclic Carbene and chelating-benzylidene ligands towards the initiation step of Grubbs-Hoveyda type complexes. [DOI]
D. J. Nelson, P. Queval, M. Rouen, M. Magrez, F. Caijo, E. Borré, I. Laurent, C. Crévisy, O. Baslé, M. Mauduit, and J. M. Percy
ACS Catalysis, 2013, 3, 259 - 9. Solvent effects on Grubbs' pre-catalyst initiation rates. [DOI]
I. W. Ashworth, D. J. Nelson, and J. M. Percy
Dalton Transactions, 2013, 42, 4110
(Part of a special issue: "Mechanistic Organometallic Chemistry")
2012
- 8. Searching for the hidden hydrides: studying the competition between alkene isomerisation and metathesis with Grubbs' catalysts. [DOI]
I. W. Ashworth, I. H. Hillier, D. J. Nelson, J. M. Percy, and M. A. Vincent
European Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2012, 2012, 5673
2011
- 7. Why is RCM preferred over dimerisation? Predicting and estimating thermodynamic effective molarities by solution experiments and electronic structure calculations. [DOI]
D. J. Nelson, S. H. Kyne, G. Rinaudo, I. W. Ashworth, J. M. Percy, J. A. Parkinson, I. H. Hillier, and M. A. Vincent
Chemistry - A European Journal, 2011, 17, 13087 - 6. Toward a simulation approach for alkene ring-closing metathesis: scope and limitations of a model for RCM. [DOI]
D. J. Nelson, D. Carboni, I. W. Ashworth and J. M. Percy
Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2011, 76, 8386 - 5. What is the initiation step of the Grubbs-Hoveyda olefin metathesis catalyst? [DOI]
I. W. Ashworth, I. H. Hillier, D. J. Nelson, J. M. Percy, and M. A. Vincent
Chemical Communications, 2011, 47, 5428
2010
- 4. On the relationship between structure and reactivity in olefin ring-closing metathesis. [DOI]
I. W. Ashworth, D. Carboni, I. H. Hillier,* D. J. Nelson, J. M. Percy, and G. Rinaudo
Chemical Communications, 2010, 46, 7145
2009
- 3. Tri-substituted cyclooctenone synthesis at the limits of relay ring-closing metathesis: a difluorinated analogue of fucose. [DOI]
I. W. Ashworth, J. A. L. Miles, D. J. Nelson, J. M. Percy* and K. Singh
Tetrahedron, 2009, 65, 9637 - 2. Prediction of ring formation efficiency via diene ring-closing metathesis (RCM) using the M06 density functional. [DOI]
S. Pandian, I. H. Hillier, M. A. Vincent, N. A. Burton, I. W. Ashworth, D. J. Nelson, J. M. Percy, and G. Rinaudo
Chemical Physics Letters, 2009, 476, 37 - 1. Pyrrolo[3,2,1-ij]quinolin-4-one and pyrrolo[3,2,1-ij]quinolin-6-one. [DOI]
H. McNab, D. J. Nelson and E. J. Rozgowska
Synthesis, 2009, 13, 2171
Publications in dark grey resulted from David's undergraduate, postgraduate or postdoctoral research.