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The results below show the simulation of melting of tin in a square cavity which is heated from the left. After an initial conduction stage, hot light fluid rises up the left wall and denser colder fluid sinks to the bottom. The recirculation rolls effect the shape of the melting front and the overall heat transfer. The adaptive moving mesh does an excellent job of following the front and resolves the thermal and velocity boundary layers.

R.T. Tenchev, J.A. Mackenzie, T.J. Scanlon and M.T. Stickland

Finite element moving mesh analysis of phase change problems with natural convection.
International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, Vol. 26, pages 597-612, 2005.

Natural convection problem


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